A 4-bit full adder/subtractor is a circuit that adds or subtracts two 4-bit binary numbers.
It uses a control signal to choose between addition and subtraction.
The circuit gives a 4-bit result and a carry or borrow bit.
A full subtractor is a digital circuit that subtracts two binary bits, accounting for a borrow input, and produces a difference and a borrow output. It has three inputs (minuend, subtrahend, borrow-in) and two outputs (difference and borrow-out).
A 1-bit ALU performs basic arithmetic and logic operations on single-bit inputs.