FINAL PROJECT

DIGITAL LOGIC AND DESIGN

DESIGNING A BASIC SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE (SAM) SYSTEM

1.   INTRODUCTION:

In this project, we designed a simulation for a Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) system. The goal was to simulate a system that detects and engages airborne targets based on predefined conditions, including proximity and speed evaluation. We used basic and advanced logic gates to make decisions about when to launch a missile, considering target detection, threat evaluation, and real-world constraints like range and speed.

2.  SCENARIO:

As a SAM operator, you are tasked with defending against airborne threats. The system you operate is designed to detect and classify targets, determining whether they are hostile and within range. The system uses a radar to detect incoming targets, an Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system to classify them, and approval from higher authorities to confirm whether or not to launch a missile.

In this project, we designed a SAM system to meet the following requirements:

·        The system activates only when set to "Engaged."

·        A radar provides a "Target Detected" signal when an airborne object is identified.

·        An Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system determines if the target is hostile.

·        A Proximity sensor checks if the target is within engagement range.

·        For high-speed targets, such as ballistic missiles, the hostility check is overridden, but the proximity condition must still be met.

·        A final authorization signal from HQ (Head Quater) is required to confirm the launch.

The missile launches only when all these conditions are satisfied.

3.  INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

We defined the following inputs and outputs for the SAM system:

Inputs:

·        Engaged (E): Indicates that the system is active and ready to fire.

·        Target Detected (T): Signal from the radar when a target is identified.

·        Hostile (H): Signal indicating if the target is confirmed as hostile.

·        Proximity (P): Signal indicating the target is within range.

·        High-Speed Target (V): Signal for fast-moving targets, such as ballistic missiles.

·        HQ Approval (HQ): Final confirmation signal from the base commander or HQ.

Output:

·        Launch (L): Activates the missile launch, represented by an LED bulb lighting up.

Boolean Expression:

L = E . (( T . H . P ) + (  V . P ) . HQ )

Where:

·        E: Ensures the system is active.

·        T . H . P: Confirms a valid target in range.

·        V . P: Allow engagement of high-speed targets, overriding hostility but requiring proximity.

·        H . Q: Confirms final authorization.

5.  WORKING:

We constructed the circuit to implement the following 6 logical flow:

1)   Target Validation:

We ANDed "Target Detected (T)" and "Hostile (H)" to confirm a valid target.

The output was further ANDed with "Proximity (P)" to ensure the target is within range.

2)   High-Speed Target:

We ANDed "High-Speed Target (V)" with "Proximity (P)" to allow high-speed targets to override hostility checks but still require proximity.

3)   Combined Decisions:

The outputs of the two conditions above were ORed to allow either normal or high-speed targets to proceed.

4)   System Engagement:

We ANDed the combined output with "Engaged (E)" to ensure the system is active.

5)   Final Approval:

The output from the engagement check was ANDed with "HQ Approval (HQ)" to confirm authorization before   launching.

6)   Launch:

The final output was connected to an LED bulb, representing the missile launch.